Management of Vitamin D Deficiency Among the Under-Five Children Residing in Coastal Areas of Karnataka: A Study Protocol

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency has become the new normalcy due to rapid transition of lifestyles among the people globally. Vitamin D is synthesized in the body due to exposure of skin to sunlight. Correction of vitamin D deficiency poses a major demand due to its action on bone and muscle health. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of sun exposure and Vitamin D supplement and Vitamin D supplements alone on serum vitamin D levels among the under-fives. Methods: This protocol is a randomized controlled study planned to be carried out among the under-five children with vitamin D deficiency. Children will be randomised into two groups (Group 1-Vitamin D supplementation only) and (Group 2-vitamin D supplementation +sun exposure). Both the group will receive intervention for 12 weeks and Serum Vitamin D levels will be tested after 12 weeks. Descriptive and inferential statistics will be used to present the findings of the study. Conclusion: Identification and treatment of Vitamin D deficiency is vital in children`s bone health. This protocol will provide direction and guidance to optimize utilization of treatments to improve vitamin D deficiency among under five children.