Metformin augments major cytoplasmic organization except for spindle organization in oocytes cultured under hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic conditions: An in vitro study

Amrutha Nedumbrakkad Kunnath, Shravani Kanakadas Parker, Daphne Norma Crasta, Jyolsna Ponnaratta Kunhiraman, Vanishree Vasave Madhvacharya, Sandhya Kumari, Guruprasad Nayak, R. Vani Lakshmi, Prashanth Kumar Modi, Thottethodi Subrahmanya Keshava Prasad, Anujith Kumar, Ayush Khandelwal, Nadeem Khan Ghani, Shama Prasada Kabekkodu, Satish Kumar Adiga, Guruprasad Kalthur*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the role of antidiabetic drug metformin on the cytoplasmic organization of oocytes. Germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes were collected from adult female Swiss albino mice and subjected to in vitro maturation (IVM) in various experimental groups- control, vehicle control (0.3% ethanol), metformin (50 μg/mL), high glucose and high lipid (HGHL, 10 mM glucose; 150 μM palmitic acid; 75 μM stearic acid and 200 μM oleic acid in ethanol), and HGHL supplemented with metformin. The metaphase II (MII) oocytes were analyzed for lipid accumulation, mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) distribution pattern, oxidative and ER stress, actin filament organization, cortical granule distribution pattern, spindle organization and chromosome alignment. An early polar body extrusion was observed in the HGHL group. However, the maturation rate at 24 h did not differ significantly among the experimental groups compared to the control. The HGHL conditions exhibited significantly higher levels of oxidative stress, ER stress, poor actin filament organization, increased lipid accumulation, altered mitochondrial distribution, spindle abnormalities, and chromosome misalignment compared to the control. Except for spindle organization, supplementation of metformin to the HGHL conditions improved all the parameters (non-significant for ER and actin distribution pattern). These results show that metformin exposure in the culture media helped to improve the hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia-induced cytoplasmic anomalies except for spindle organization. Given the crucial role of spindle organization in proper chromosome segregation during oocyte maturation and meiotic resumption, the implications of metformin's limitations in this aspect warrant careful evaluation and further investigation.

Original languageEnglish
Article number117039
JournalToxicology and Applied Pharmacology
Volume490
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 09-2024

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Toxicology
  • Pharmacology

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