TY - JOUR
T1 - Micronutrients and cognitive functions among urban school-going children and adolescents
T2 - A cross-sectional multicentric study from India
AU - Singh, Shweta
AU - Awasthi, Shally
AU - Kumar, Divas
AU - Sarraf, Seema Rani
AU - Pandey, Anuj Kumar
AU - Agarwal, Girdhar G.
AU - Awasthi, Avivar
AU - Anish, T. S.
AU - Mathew, Joseph L.
AU - Kar, Sonali
AU - Nair, Suma
AU - Rao, Chythra R.
AU - Pande, Harsh
AU - Mahanta, B. N.
AU - Bharti, Bhavneet
AU - Singh, C. M.
AU - Singh, Kuldeep
AU - Bhat, Mushtaq A.
AU - Somashekar, A. R.
AU - Awasthi, Rajiv
AU - Mahdi, Abbas Ali
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by a grant from Hindustan Unilever Limited (Grant Number: 212332). Funding supports all study related expenses including manuscripts processing fees. Funding source was not involved in study design, implementation, collection and interpretation of data and in writing of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Singh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2023/2
Y1 - 2023/2
N2 - Background Micronutrient deficiency (MD) is associated with deficits in cognitive functioning of children. However, no comprehensive multicentric study has been conducted in India to explore the role of multiple MD in cognition of children and adolescents. The present study aimed to explore association of MD with level of general intelligence and specific cognitive functions, in urban school-going children and adolescents across ten cities of India. Method Cross-sectional multicentric study, enrolled participants aged 6–16 years. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis of calcium, iron, zinc, selenium, folate, vitamin A, D and B12. Colored Progressive Matrices / Standard Progressive Matrices (CPM/SPM), Coding, Digit Span and Arithmetic tests were used for the assessment of cognitive functions of participants. Height and weight measures were collected along with socio-economic status. Results From April-2019 to February-2020, 2428 participants were recruited from 60 schools. No MD was found in 7.0% (134/1918), any one MD in 23.8% (457/1918) and ≥ 2 MD in 69.2% (1327/1918) participants. In presence of ≥ 2 MD, adjusted odds ratio (OR) for borderline or dull normal in CPM/SPM was 1.63, (95% CI: 1.05–2.52), coding was 1.66 (95% CI: 1.02–2.71), digit span was 1.55 (95% CI: 1.06–2.25) and arithmetic was 1.72 (95% CI: 1.17–2.53), controlling for gender, socioeconomic status and anthropometric indicators. Conclusion Since ≥ 2 MD were found in more than 2/3rd of participants and was associated with impairment in cognitive function, attempts must be made to ameliorate them on priority in school going children in India.
AB - Background Micronutrient deficiency (MD) is associated with deficits in cognitive functioning of children. However, no comprehensive multicentric study has been conducted in India to explore the role of multiple MD in cognition of children and adolescents. The present study aimed to explore association of MD with level of general intelligence and specific cognitive functions, in urban school-going children and adolescents across ten cities of India. Method Cross-sectional multicentric study, enrolled participants aged 6–16 years. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis of calcium, iron, zinc, selenium, folate, vitamin A, D and B12. Colored Progressive Matrices / Standard Progressive Matrices (CPM/SPM), Coding, Digit Span and Arithmetic tests were used for the assessment of cognitive functions of participants. Height and weight measures were collected along with socio-economic status. Results From April-2019 to February-2020, 2428 participants were recruited from 60 schools. No MD was found in 7.0% (134/1918), any one MD in 23.8% (457/1918) and ≥ 2 MD in 69.2% (1327/1918) participants. In presence of ≥ 2 MD, adjusted odds ratio (OR) for borderline or dull normal in CPM/SPM was 1.63, (95% CI: 1.05–2.52), coding was 1.66 (95% CI: 1.02–2.71), digit span was 1.55 (95% CI: 1.06–2.25) and arithmetic was 1.72 (95% CI: 1.17–2.53), controlling for gender, socioeconomic status and anthropometric indicators. Conclusion Since ≥ 2 MD were found in more than 2/3rd of participants and was associated with impairment in cognitive function, attempts must be made to ameliorate them on priority in school going children in India.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85147319664
UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85147319664&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0281247
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0281247
M3 - Article
C2 - 36730336
AN - SCOPUS:85147319664
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 18
JO - PLoS One
JF - PLoS One
IS - 2 February
M1 - e0281247
ER -