Mixing, Burning and Deposit Characteristics of a Mixture of Karanja Oil Biodiesel and Tyre Pyrolysis Oil Along with Graphene Nanoparticles

Many nations struggle with disposing of used tires, which can pollute the air and soil. Nevertheless, this issue can be solved by employing pyrolysis to turn them into oil. An alternate renewable fuel that is marginally more expensive than fossil diesel is biodiesel. Continuous use of biodiesel leads to deposits in the exhaust system; however, combining biodiesel with Tire Pyrolysis Oil (TPO) may minimize the deposits and associated operational costs. In that context, the authors have aimed to study the burning characteristics and deposit formation behavior when Karanja Oil Biodiesel (KOB) is blended with TPO. The addition of nanoparticles increases the automatization fuel. So, the authors have chosen graphene nanoparticles, as they have good mixing characteristics. Initially, the burning tests have been carried out for KOB by adding 20% TPO and graphene nanoparticles, and the deposits obtained have been examined. The analysis through SEM/EDX revealed that TPO is responsible for a considerable reduction in deposits, exhibiting oxygen percentages of 23.68% and 17.22% in their residues for KOB and B100, respectively. FTIR results show that graphene helps for better burning, indicating variation in intensities for the range 1000-1800 cm^-1. In continuation, XRD results also revealed the variation in their patterns accordingly.