Modal analysis-based ultrawideband 4 × 4 MIMO antenna with flower configuration

This paper presents a novel UWB MIMO antenna with a flower-like configuration. The antenna design incorporates a circular-shaped stub on the ground, which enhances isolation from 3.1 GHz to 11 GHz and provides an impressive impedance bandwidth of 117.8 %. The proposed MIMO antenna consists of four radiating elements arranged in a flower pattern, with the elements oriented orthogonally, on a substrate measuring 40 × 40 × 1.6 mm³. This quad-port MIMO system achieves a peak gain of 5.5 dBi and a radiation efficiency of 90 %. The isolation between ports is maintained below 26 dB, while the Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) is 0.0116, and the Diversity Gain (DG) is 10 dB. The system also exhibits a Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) of less than 0.32 bits/sec/Hz and a Mean Effective Gain (MEG) of less than −3.3 dB. These results highlight the antenna's suitability for use in high-speed UWB portable applications.