Modeling Microconstituents Based on Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

Remote Sensing (RS) is a basic form of science that helps us acquire and analyze information about any object or phenomenon from a certain distance through the help of satellites. Today, we find a varied application of RS in groundwater analysis, mining and mineral exploration, biophysical mapping, geological planning and mapping, landslide hazard analysis, earthquake analysis, geomorphology studies, etc. The first section of the chapter gives us an insight into the basic idea of RS, along with technical components associated with RS. The process from capturing the image is given for further research. The chapter continues with the idea of coupling three-dimensional (3D) with two-dimensional (2D) Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques, giving an overview of different types of coupling methods and different types of dataset that are used. The third section of the chapter throws light upon previously known applications and a further area of implementations of RS techniques in different environmental aspects study. It further discusses information about certain technical and conceptual uncertainties associated with RS and GIS, and suggestive strategies to rectify these issues. The last section of the chapter highlights the scope of RS in the detection, monitoring, and analysis of environmental pollutants with emphasis on types of satellite data sources of information. The chapter concludes with an overall insight into RS, and its positive and negative aspects, and technical information and scope for future study.