Modified bone cement: A reprieve for horizontal bone defects

Introduction: Periodontitis results in defects of the bone, of which the horizontal defects are the most common. Treatment options for horizontal defects are minimal with unpredictable results. Background: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement has been effectively used in orthopedic surgeries. The material has excellent interface integrity with bone and hence would develop an efficient micromechanical bond to both bone and tooth. This material can be used to reconstruct the lost alveolar bone, especially in areas with horizontal bone defects where regeneration is difficult to achieve. Results: The PMMA bone cement has certain properties that make it a not very apt replacement of the dynamic alveolar bone. However, modification of the cement through addition and replacement of appropriate materials would make it an effectual foundation for the teeth deprived of their alveolar bone. Conclusion: Bone cement, with appropriate modifications, might prove a novel substitute for the lost alveolar bone structure. Clinical significance: Horizontal bone defects that form the majority of periodontal bone defects require a definitive treatment modality to allow for retention of the affected teeth. Modified bone cement could prove to be the much required miracle agent in the treatment of horizontal bone defects.