Modulatory role of mucuna pruriens against aluminium fluoride induced neuronal and behavioural alterations in rats

Introduction: Aluminium Fluoride (AlF₃) intake produces oxidative stress resulting in brain damage. Although, Mucuna pruriens (Velvet bean) is commonly used in ayurvedic system of medicine for different neurological disorders. Its usefulness in oxidative stress induced behavioural and neuronal damage has received little attention. Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the neuroprotective role of Mucuna pruriens against AlF₃ induced behavioural and neuronal changes in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty six male Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups as: I-Normal saline; II-AlF₃; III-25 mg/kg Quercetin and AlF₃; IV, V and VI received 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg Mucuna pruriens methanolic extract and AlF₃ (600 ppm). Extract was given for 10 days followed by AlF₃ treatment for next seven days. Behavioural parameters were assessed such as T-maze test, actophotometer, and rotarod followed by histopathological studies. Results: A reduction in the locomotor activity, spatial learning and motor coordination was observed in the animals of Group II which reversed when treated with Mucuna pruriens. The histopathological studies of hippocampal CA1 region also showed the neuroprotective role of this plant which occurred due to oxidative stress. Conclusion: This study suggests the potential neuroprotective ability of Mucuna pruriens against the change in behaviour and neuronal damage which occurred due to induction of AlF₃.