Molecular cardiopharmacology and Therapeutics-I

Cardiovascular diseases are a major concern worldwide, causing high rates of both illness and death. While many interventions have been developed to improve patient outcomes, pharmacological therapy and management remain key components, particularly through the use of drugs that target specific molecules and offer personalized treatment. This chapter delves into the latest advancements in cardiovascular drug pharmacology, exploring its broad applications in managing a variety of cardiovascular diseases. It focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of drugs, including metabolism, substrate utilization, mTOR and AMPK signaling, autophagy, epigenetics, miRNA-based mechanisms, diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), and oxidative mechanisms. Additionally, it discusses the current state of cardiac function improvement based on clinical trials and guideline recommendations, as well as potential future developments in the field.