TY - JOUR
T1 - Molecular implications of HOX genes targeting multiple signaling pathways in cancer
AU - Shenoy, U. Sangeetha
AU - Adiga, Divya
AU - Kabekkodu, Shama Prasada
AU - Hunter, Keith D.
AU - Radhakrishnan, Raghu
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance, Government of India (Grant No. IA/CPHI/18/1/503927); Joint CSIR-UGC NET Junior Research Fellowship, Government of India (File No. 09/1165(0011)/2020-EMR-I); ICMR SRF, Government of India (2019/4115/CMB/BMS); and Manipal School of Life Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, for infrastructure support.
Funding Information:
Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance, Government of India (Grant No. IA/CPHI/18/1/503927).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/2
Y1 - 2022/2
N2 - Homeobox (HOX) genes encode highly conserved homeotic transcription factors that play a crucial role in organogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Their deregulation impacts the function of several regulatory molecules contributing to tumor initiation and progression. A functional bridge exists between altered gene expression of individual HOX genes and tumorigenesis. This review focuses on how deregulation in the HOX-associated signaling pathways contributes to the metastatic progression in cancer. We discuss their functional significance, clinical implications and ascertain their role as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in the various cancer types. Besides, the mechanism of understanding the theoretical underpinning that affects HOX-mediated therapy resistance in cancers has been outlined. The knowledge gained shall pave the way for newer insights into the treatment of cancer. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
AB - Homeobox (HOX) genes encode highly conserved homeotic transcription factors that play a crucial role in organogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Their deregulation impacts the function of several regulatory molecules contributing to tumor initiation and progression. A functional bridge exists between altered gene expression of individual HOX genes and tumorigenesis. This review focuses on how deregulation in the HOX-associated signaling pathways contributes to the metastatic progression in cancer. We discuss their functional significance, clinical implications and ascertain their role as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in the various cancer types. Besides, the mechanism of understanding the theoretical underpinning that affects HOX-mediated therapy resistance in cancers has been outlined. The knowledge gained shall pave the way for newer insights into the treatment of cancer. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
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U2 - 10.1007/s10565-021-09657-2
DO - 10.1007/s10565-021-09657-2
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34617205
AN - SCOPUS:85116502381
SN - 0742-2091
VL - 38
JO - Cell Biology and Toxicology
JF - Cell Biology and Toxicology
IS - 1
ER -
