Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, transforming growth factor-β1, nerve growth factor, resistin and hyaluronic acid as serum markers: Comparison between recurrent acute and chronic pancreatitis

Background Diagnostic parameters that can predict the presence of chronic pancreatitis (CP) in patients with recurrent pain due to pancreatitis would help to direct appropriate therapy. This study aimed to compare the serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), nerve growth factor (NGF), resistin and hyaluronic acid (HA) in patients with recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) and CP to assess their ability to differentiate the two conditions. Methods Levels of serum markers assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were prospectively compared in consecutive patients with RAP, CP and in controls, and stepwise discriminant analysis was performed to identify the markers differentiating RAP from CP. Results One hundred and thirteen consecutive patients (RAP=32, CP=81) and 78 healthy controls were prospectively enrolled. The mean (SD) age of the patients was 32.0 (14.0) years; 89 (78.8%) were male. All markers were significantly higher in CP patients than in the controls (P<0.001); MCP-1, NGF and HA were significantly higher in RAP patients than in the controls (P<0.001). Stepwise discriminant analysis showed significant difference (P=0.002) between RAP and CP for resistin with an accuracy of 61.9%, discriminant scores of ≤-0.479 and ≥0.189 indicating RAP and CP, respectively. The other markers had no differential value between RAP and CP. Conclusion Serum resistin is a promising marker to differentiate between RAP and CP and needs validation in future studies, especially in those with early CP.