Morphometric study of fibularis muscles and its motor entry points with its clinical significance: a cadaveric study

Background: The fibularis longus and fibularis brevis muscle flap are commonly used to repair small- to medium-sized soft-tissue defects of the lower leg and foot. So, this study was conducted to study the morphometry of fibularis muscles and to examine the motor entry points and the branching points of the superficial peroneal nerve which innervate these muscles. Methods: In this study 55 lower limbs were dissected to expose fibularis longus, and fibularis brevis muscles and various measurements were taken. Additionally, the motor entry point along with the branching points of the superficial peroneal nerve was also noted down. Results: On comparing parameters of right leg fibularis longus between male and female it was seen that leg length and main tendon length was significant as their p values were 0.020 and 0.049. On comparing parameters of left leg fibularis longus between male and female it was seen that only muscle length was significant as its p values was 0.004. There were 2 and 3 motor entry points noted in fibularis longus and brevis. Conclusions: The findings of this study will help the surgeons in grafting and reconstruction in foot and ankle surgery, in surgeries to maintain the arches of the foot. The location of motor entry point is also very important because it will help the surgeons where to inject phenol or other agents for blocking the nerve in cases of a spastic lower extremity. Level of evidence: Not ratable.