Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite bone graft combined with bioresorbable collagen membrane in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Aim: To evaluate the clinical outcome of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (NcHA) bonegraft (Sybograf ®) in combination with collagen membrane (PerioCol ®) compared with open flap debridement (OFD) only in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects. Materials and Methods: Eighteen intrabony defects in 16 systemically healthy patients aged between 25-65 years, were randomly assigned to test and control groups. The Plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival recession were recorded at baseline, and were reevaluated at 6 months. In addition to this, radiographic bone fill was assessed using digital software. At the test site NcHA bone graft and collagen membrane was placed, whereas at the control site only, OFD was done. Recall appointments were made at 7 ^th day, 1 ^st month,3 ^rd month, and 6 ^th month. Results: The data were subjected to statistical analysis using the Mann-Whitney ′U′ Test and Wilcoxon signed rank sum test. In the control group, the mean reduction of PPD was 3.22±1.09 mm and CAL gain was 2.78±1.09 mm. In the test group, the mean PPD reduction of 4.33±0.5 mm and mean gain in CAL was 3.78±0.66 mm at 6 months. The mean increase in gingival recession was 0.55±0.72 mm in test and 0.44±0.52 mm in control group. Conclusion: The NcHA bone graft in combination with collagen membrane demonstrated better clinical outcomes compared with OFD alone.