@article{e15deed5f4de4e7db0a61f4f92d84cbb,
title = "Neutralization potential of Viper russelli russelli (Russell's viper) venom by ethanol leaf extract of Acalypha indica",
abstract = "The study aims to examine the Viper russelli russelli venom neutralization potential of the ethanol leaf extract (250, 500 and 750 mg/kg) of Acalypha indica (Euphorbiaceae). Administration of the ethanol leaf extract at i.p. dose levels of 500 and 750 mg/kg significantly inhibited, in a dose dependent manner, the Viper russelli venom-induced lethality, haemorrhage, necrotizing and mast cell degranulation in rats and the cardiotoxic and neurotoxic effects in isolated frog tissue. Administration of the extract also significantly inhibited venom-induced lipid peroxidation in RBC, decreased GSH and catalase levels of rat kidney tissue. The observations confirmed that the ethanol leaf extract of Acalypha indica possesses potent snake venom neutralizing properties. {\textcopyright} 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.",
author = "A. Shirwaikar and K. Rajendran and R. Bodla and C.D. Kumar",
note = "Cited By :53 Export Date: 10 November 2017 CODEN: JOETD Correspondence Address: Shirwaikar, A.; Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India; email: annieshirwaikar@yahoo.com Chemicals/CAS: alcohol, 64-17-5; catalase, 9001-05-2; glutathione, 70-18-8; lipid, 66455-18-3; Plant Extracts; Viper Venoms References: Alam, M.I., Gomes, A., Snake venom neutralization by Indian medicinal plants (Vitex negundo and Emblica officinalis) root extracts (2003) Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 86, pp. 75-80; Alam, M.I., Gomes, A., Viper venom induced inflammation and inhibition of free radical formation by pure compound (2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzoic acid) isolate and purified from Anantmul (Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.) root extract (1998) Toxicon, 36, pp. 207-215; Alam, M.I., Auddy, B., Gomes, A., Isolation purification and partial characterization of viper venom neutralizing factor from the root extract of Indian medicinal plant Hemidesmus indicus R (1994) British Toxicon, 32, pp. 155-157; Bawaskar, H.S., Bawaskar, P.N., Call for global snakebite control and procurement funding (2001) The Lancet, 357, pp. 1132-1133; Chopra, R.N., Nayar, S.L., Chopra, I.C., (1956) Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants, , CSIR Publication, New Delhi; De Silva, A., Ranasinghe, L., Epidemiology of snakebite in Sri Lanka: A review (1983) Ceylon Medical Journal, 28, pp. 144-154; Ellman, G.L., Colorimetric assay of catalase (1959) Annals of Biochem, 47, pp. 389-394; Harborne, J.B., (1984) Phytochemical Methods, Second Ed., pp. 123-175. , Chapman and Hill, London; Houghton, P.J., Ibironke, M., Osibogun, Flowering plants used against snakebite (1993) Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 39, pp. 1-29; Kannappa Reddy, M., Viswanathan, S., Thirugnanasambantham, P., Kameshwaran, L., Effect of Leucus aspera on snake venom poisoning in mice and its possible mechanism of action (1993) Fitoterpia, 64, pp. 442-446; Kartha, V.N., Krishnamurthy, S., Effect of hypervitaminosis a on hemolysis and lipid peroxidation in the rat (1978) Journal of Lipid Research, 19, pp. 332-334; Khare, A.D., Vijay, K., Gade, P.R., Toxicities, LD50 prediction and in vivo neutralization of some elapid and viperid venoms (1992) Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 30, pp. 1158-1162; Kondo, H., Studies on the quantitative method for determination of haemorrhagic activity of Habu snake venom (1960) Japanese Journal of Medical Science and Biology, 13, pp. 43-51; Lowery, O.H., Rosenbrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., Randall, R.J., Protein measurement with Folin phenol reagent (1951) Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193, p. 265; Moren, H., Mitushashi, S., Konosi, T., Hoshi, S., Homma, M., (1962) Jap. J. Exptl. Med., 32, pp. 55-64; Siddiqui, M.B., Husain, W., Traditional antidotes of snake poison in Northern India (1990) Fitoterapia, 61, pp. 41-44; Singh, A., Biswal, N., Nalini, P., Sethuraman, Badhe, A., Acute pulmonary oedema as a complication of anti snake venom (2001) Journal of Paediatrics, 68, pp. 81-82; Slater, N.T., Freedman, J.E., Larson-Prior, L.J., Russell's viper venom proteins: Molecular probes for neurotransmitter receptors: A review (1988) Comparative and Biochemical Physiology, 91, pp. 51-60; Suryanarayana, R.M., Native plats used in snakebite and other poisonous animals among the tribals of East Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh (1996) Aryavaidyan, 9, pp. 251-255; Theakston, R.D.G., Reid, H.A., Development of simple standard assay procedures for the characterization of snake venoms (1983) Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 61, pp. 949-956; Warrell, D.A., Russell's viper: Biology, venom and treatment of bites (1989) Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 83, pp. 732-740",
year = "2004",
doi = "10.1016/j.jep.2004.05.010",
language = "English",
volume = "94",
pages = "267--273",
journal = "Journal of Ethnopharmacology",
issn = "0378-8741",
publisher = "Elsevier Ireland Ltd",
number = "2-3",
}