Occupational health challenges in radiography: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analytic approach

Introduction: Radiographers play a pivotal role in healthcare but face significant occupational health challenges, including work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs), burnout, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. These challenges, influenced by high workloads and inadequate ergonomics, compromise their well-being and job performance. This study aims to assess the prevalence of these health outcomes and evaluate the role of workplace factors in mitigating or exacerbating these issues. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted per PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase included quantitative studies published from 2014 to 2024. Data on prevalence, outcomes, and measurement tools were extracted, and a random-effects model was used to estimate pooled prevalence. Risk of bias was assessed with the ROBINS-E tool. Results: From 1080 records, 14 studies met inclusion criteria. WRMSDs were reported by 85 % (95 % CI: 74–95) of radiographers, with the neck (73 %) and lower back (67 %) being the most affected regions. Burnout prevalence included emotional exhaustion at 29.8 % (95 % CI: 19.8–39.8). Chronic fatigue and sleep disturbances were strongly linked to extended shifts and poor ergonomics. Protective factors included professional recognition and workplace ergonomic interventions. Conclusion: Radiographers are disproportionately affected by physical and psychological health risks. Addressing these through enhanced workplace ergonomics, stress management, and workload balancing is imperative to improving their quality of life and job performance. Implications for practice: Implementing ergonomic training, fostering professional recognition, and reducing workloads are crucial for sustainable radiography practices. Policy reforms and workplace interventions can significantly improve radiographers' health, ensuring better job satisfaction and retention.