Oculocardiac reflex during zygomatico maxillary complex fracture management - A retrospective study

The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence and factors associated with Oculocardiac reflex (OCR) in subjects operated for zygomatico maxillary complex (ZMC) fractures. A retrospective analysis of subjects operated for ZMC fractures was carried out in our institution. Data related to gender, age, comorbidities, and associated medications, the presence of OCR and the need for intraoperative anticholinergic drugs were recorded. Only subjects with complete data were included in the study. A total of 209 subjects had complete records out of which 73.2% were males with an OCR incidence of 10.05%. No significant difference was seen in the distribution of OCR when compared to age and gender (P=0.394 and 0.398) respectively. Significantly higher number of individuals with OCR had hypertension (57.1%), hyperlipidemia (52.4%) and medication of ß-blockers (42.9%) than those who did not develop OCR (P<0.001, 0.002 and <0.001) respectively. No significant difference was seen between the presence of diabetes, use of calcium channel blockers and distribution of OCR. Only three subjects needed intra-operative anticholinergic drugs. The incidence of OCR in subjects undergoing reduction of ZMC fractures was 10.05%. Subjects with comorbidities like hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and use of ß-blockers may be more susceptible for OCR.