Performance Analysis of Metaheuristic Particle Swarm Optimization-Based Enhanced LEACH Protocol

Due to the widespread applications of wireless sensor networks, it becomes very obvious to make them perform better by utilizing energy-efficient protocols. Energy-efficient protocols are developed by combining existing protocols with some advanced algorithms to enhance the performance of already existing protocols. Different parameters like dead and alive nodes, the remaining average energy of sensor nodes, and packets delivered within a network can be considered for optimizing their performance. Along with these network parameters, the positioning of the base station also plays a pivotal role in the performance of the network. In this article, a metaheuristic approach has been combined with a revised LEACH protocol called enhanced LEACH is considered for optimizing the overall performance of the wireless sensor network. An analysis is based on the above mentioned network parameters. The different position of the base station is also altered (i.e., the center positioning of the base station and periphery positioning of the base station in the network area) and the performance of these network parameters is evaluated. Simulation is carried out in MATLAB 2023b. It is clear from the simulation that positioning the base station in the center of the network area performs better than positioning it at the periphery.