Performance optimization of contact-separation mode triboelectric nanogenerator using dielectric nanograting

Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs), renowned for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, have evolved significantly since their inception. This paper focuses on enhancing TENG performance, specifically in the contact-separation (CSM) mode paired-electrode configuration. A nanograting of varying periods is introduced on the electrodes, and the corresponding impact on device performance is evaluated. The performance is compared with the conventional planer structure. The analytical results exhibit a notable increase in open-circuit voltage (V_oc) by up to 148% and charge during short-circuit condition (Q_sc) improvement of up to 200%, compared to a planar structure of similar dimensions at 200 nm grating period. Interestingly, a direct correlation between grating period and voltage generation is observed, emphasizing the critical role of material and design choices. Furthermore, the impact of metallic gratings on TENG performance is found to be minimal. These results emphasize TENGs' potential in minute displacement sensors and highlight the importance of meticulous design considerations to optimize efficiency.