Peristaltic Flow of Ree–Eyring Fluid Through a Rough Microchannel With Injection/Suction

The study examines the peristaltic transport of a non-Newtonian Ree–Eyring fluid in an axisymmetric channel with wall roughness, incorporating the effects of first-order chemical reaction and wall injection/suction. The nonlinear shear-thinning behaviour of the fluid is coupled with sinusoidal wave propagation at the channel walls, while roughness is modelled through perturbations in wave amplitude, influencing resistance, trapping and near-wall transport characteristics. An irreversible first-order chemical reaction is considered to evaluate species concentration dynamics, and uniform wall injection/suction is introduced to regulate mass and momentum transfer. Analytical solutions are derived under long wavelength and low Reynolds number assumptions, and parametric evaluations are carried out using MATLAB R2024b. The model investigates velocity, pressure rise, temperature, concentration and streamline patterns, with visualisations through contours, and isotherms. Results show that peristalsis induces bolus trapping, while injection/suction alters pressure rise and reduces core velocity. Slip parameters intensify heterogeneity in thermal and solute distributions. Non-Newtonian rheology significantly modifies velocity, temperature and concentration profiles compared to Newtonian fluids, enhancing transport nonuniformity. The roughness, suction/injection and rheology dominate flow, heat and mass transfer in peristaltic systems. These insights hold significance for biomedical applications such as drug delivery in mucosal tissues and blood microcirculation, as well as industrial and energy processes such as polymer transport in rough-walled ducts and enhanced oil recovery in irregular geometries.