Perspectives of Indian Speech Language Pathologists on Applications of Motor Learning Principles in Stuttering Intervention: Cross Sectional Survey

Purpose: Stuttering is a neurodevelopmental communication disorder characterized by speech-motor control deficits, leading to significant social, emotional, and behavioral consequences. Motor learning principles (MLPs) provide a structured framework to enhance speech rehabilitation by facilitating the acquisition, retention, and transfer of fluent speech patterns. Despite their established efficacy, limited research has explored the clinical application of MLPs in managing adults who stutter (AWS) in India. This study investigated the perspectives and clinical practices of Indian speech-language pathologists (SLPs) regarding MLP-based interventions for AWS. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from July 2024 to January 2025 using a validated questionnaire. Results: Responses from 116 practicing SLPs were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Findings revealed a preference for massed practice over distributed practice, small trials over large trials, and blocked practice schedules over random schedules. SLPs favored simple therapy targets and variable contexts. Feedback preferences included knowledge of performance over knowledge of results, low frequency feedback over high-frequency feedback, and delayed feedback over immediate feedback. Conclusion: While many SLPs’ practices align with MLPs, discrepancies exist, particularly in areas affecting motor skill retention and generalization. Standardized training and clinical guidelines are needed to optimize fluency therapy outcomes for AWS.