TY - JOUR
T1 - Physiochemical characterization and toxicity assessment of colloidal mercuric formulation–‘Sivanar amirtham’
AU - N, Kannan
AU - S, Shanmuga Sundar
AU - S, Balaji
AU - NV, Anil Kumar
AU - N, Balasubramanian
N1 - Funding Information:
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. The first author thank Dr. Shamima Hussain, Scientist-D, UGC-DAE, Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu for the FESEM facility. Also express his graditude to Dr.S.G.Prakash Vincent, and Dr. A. Muthamil Iniyan, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tamilnadu for providing Zebrafish facility and support (The work was approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics and Biosafety Committee of Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India (Ethics committee approval number: MSU/Ethical/2012/05). The second author acknowledge Professor Szondy Zsuzsanna & Professor Sarang Zsolt, Apoptosis Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Debrecen, Hungary and UGC Stipendium Hungaricum (Educational Exchange) Programme. The second author would also like to thank the CSIR for providing Research Associateship vide award letter No. 09/468(0544)/2020 EMR-I, dated: 19.10.2020.
Funding Information:
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. The first author thank Dr. Shamima Hussain, Scientist-D, UGC-DAE, Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu for the FESEM facility. Also express his graditude to Dr.S.G.Prakash Vincent, and Dr. A. Muthamil Iniyan, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tamilnadu for providing Zebrafish facility and support (The work was approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics and Biosafety Committee of Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India (Ethics committee approval number: MSU/Ethical/2012/05). The second author acknowledge Professor Szondy Zsuzsanna & Professor Sarang Zsolt, Apoptosis Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Debrecen, Hungary and UGC Stipendium Hungaricum (Educational Exchange) Programme. The second author would also like to thank the CSIR for providing Research Associateship vide award letter No. 09/468(0544)/2020 EMR-I, dated: 19.10.2020.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/4
Y1 - 2021/4
N2 - The study aims to characterize and understand the toxicological effects of colloidal mercuric formulation. The physiochemical characterization was carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis system (EDS), Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Zeta potential, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and electron microscopy. Based on the physiochemical characterizations, the pairwise relationship between the parameters such as size, surface area, surface charge, reactivity and band gap energy were described. The biological effects of the sample were studied by both in vitro and in vivo assays. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay confirmed that the colloidal mercuric formulation was effective against cancer cells (MCF-7) and less toxic to normal cells (Hek 293). The formulation was effective against MCF-7 with more than 85% of apoptotic and necrotic cells, positive for PI staining when treated with 100 μg/mL. The inflammatory response on the macrophage cell lines was studied. The colloidal mercuric formulation upregulated the expression of TGF-β, IL-6 and TNF-α, due to the presence of arsenic and other organic compounds such as piperine. The in vivo developmental toxicity was observed in Zebrafish hampered growth and survival in a dose and time dependent manner. The formulation was safe at lower concentration and exhibit a dose and time dependent toxicity. Based on the results obtained, it is confirmed that the selective toxicity towards MCF-7 cells is promising to develop an effective formulation for the treatment of cancer, provided more such proofs obtained from in vivo experiments.
AB - The study aims to characterize and understand the toxicological effects of colloidal mercuric formulation. The physiochemical characterization was carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis system (EDS), Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Zeta potential, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and electron microscopy. Based on the physiochemical characterizations, the pairwise relationship between the parameters such as size, surface area, surface charge, reactivity and band gap energy were described. The biological effects of the sample were studied by both in vitro and in vivo assays. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay confirmed that the colloidal mercuric formulation was effective against cancer cells (MCF-7) and less toxic to normal cells (Hek 293). The formulation was effective against MCF-7 with more than 85% of apoptotic and necrotic cells, positive for PI staining when treated with 100 μg/mL. The inflammatory response on the macrophage cell lines was studied. The colloidal mercuric formulation upregulated the expression of TGF-β, IL-6 and TNF-α, due to the presence of arsenic and other organic compounds such as piperine. The in vivo developmental toxicity was observed in Zebrafish hampered growth and survival in a dose and time dependent manner. The formulation was safe at lower concentration and exhibit a dose and time dependent toxicity. Based on the results obtained, it is confirmed that the selective toxicity towards MCF-7 cells is promising to develop an effective formulation for the treatment of cancer, provided more such proofs obtained from in vivo experiments.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111607
DO - 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111607
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85100620812
SN - 0927-7765
VL - 200
JO - Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
JF - Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
M1 - 111607
ER -
