Plant Growth Stimulation and Soil Nutrient Availability Improvement Using Green-Synthesized Polymer–Sulphur Nanocomposite

The nanocomposite was fabricated using sulphur and a polymeric blend of chitosan, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinyl alcohol, following green chemistry principles. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy to determine its structural and functional properties. By measuring the germination index, phytochemical constituents of seedlings, primarily total phenol flavonoid, plant growth parameter, primarily total shoot length, and rhizospheric and endophytic microbial populations, the prepared nanocomposite’s impact on plant growth was evaluated on Vigna radiata L.Results showed that the nanocomposite treatment recorded high germination index rate with enhanced phenol and flavonoid concentrations of 58.16 ± 1.04 mg/g and 35.03 ± 0.82 mg/g, respectively. Further confirmation of its effect was obtained by monitoring changes in soil nutrient status. The nanocomposite, with its stable crystalline structure, exhibited no negative impact on seedling emergence, plant growth, microbial activity, or soil nutrient parameters, indicating excellent compatibility with the soil environment. Overall, the findings clearly demonstrate that the nanocomposite prepared in this study does not adversely affect seedling physiology, plant growth, or soil health, suggesting its potential application for controlled release in agricultural fields.