Preventive interventional strategies mitigate age-associated degeneration of dorsal hippocampal neural cells in naturally ageing mice

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and potential protective effects of various intervention strategies, such as choline and docosahexaenoic acid (Ch-DHA) supplementation, Clitoria ternatea root extract (CTR) supplements, human embryonic kidney stem cell conditioned media (HEK-CM) treatment and exposure to enriched environments (EEs), in mitigating neural cell degeneration in dorsal hippocampal subregions of naturally ageing mice brain. Materials and Methods: Twelve-fifteen-month-old CF1 male mice were subdivided (n = 6/group) into normal age-matched control, Ch-DHA supplemented, EE exposed, HEK-CM administered and CTR-supplemented groups. Neuro morphological alterations in the dorsal hippocampus were assessed using cresyl violet staining. Results: Higher neural cell degeneration was observed in the CA1-CA3 dorsal hippocampal subregions in normal ageing mice brains. Notably, interventions such as HEK-CM administration, Ch-DHA supplementation, exposure to an EE and CTR supplementation significantly reduced degeneration, particularly in the CA3 and CA2 regions. Conclusion: Ch-DHA supplementation and HEK-CM treatment are observed to significantly reduce age-dependent degeneration of dorsal hippocampal CA3 and CA2 neurons in naturally ageing mice compared to EE exposure or CTR supplementation.