Recent Advances in Green Composites and Their Applications

Conventional petroleum-based toxic and non-biodegradable composites in comparison with natural fiber composites and hybrid natural fiber composites find attraction in the automobile industry, manufacturing, aerospace, sporting goods, construction, and marine applications due to the lower ecological risks. As global communities expand, the sustainability of our material systems is becoming increasingly important. Material producers are increasingly addressing issues like emissions of greenhouse gasses, embodied energy, toxicity, and resource depletion. The thrust to use eco-sustainable green composites is increasing due to their green marketing, newer recycling policies, societal impact, and improvements in cognitive values. Green composites have the challenge of replacing conventional materials like steel, wood, and non-biodegrading polymers. Specific material features of green composites for particular loading and load-bearing applications are reviewed including the properties and performances of various potential biopolymers and natural reinforcement elements. The applications of green composites in short lifespan products, sporting equipment, and the biomedical field are highlighted with detailed examples.