Remineralization potential of theobromine on artificial carious lesions

Background and Aims: This study aimed to investigate the remineralization potential of two concentrations of theobromine (100 mg/L and 200 mmg/L) with fluoridated dentifrice, NovaMin, and nanohydroxyapatite using DIAGNOdent, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Materials and Methods: Two sections were taken from 50 teeth each. Artificial carious lesions were induced using demineralizing solution. Evaluation using DIAGNOdent, SEM, and EDX analysis for elemental evaluation of Ca/P ratio and fluoride ion was carried out. Teeth sections were then randomly assigned to five different groups: (1) fluoridated dentifrice (ColgateTM, Colgate -Palmolive, India), Novamine- Shy NMTM, Group pharamaceuticals, India), 3. Nano-hydroxyapatite- Remin ProTM, Voco, Germany) 4. 100mg and 5. 200mg of Theobromine toothpaste (Theodent classicTM, Rennou, UK-853069003006). Remineralization was carried out for 14 days with two applications per day. Samples were reanalyzed using DIAGNOdent, SEM, and EDX. Results: A Tukey post-hoc test revealed statistically significant difference between NovaMin and all the other toothpastes (P < 0.001) for DIAGNOdent readings. On performing SEM-EDX analysis, it was seen that all agents had remineralization potential; however, no significant difference was found. Conclusion: Theobromine can be used as an effective novel remineralizing agent alternative to the already-available agents.