Robotics-Driven Biometric Authentication for Secure and Intelligent Vehicle Access

As modern vehicles increasingly adopt intelligent systems, the need for robust and secure access control mechanisms has become paramount. This study presents a dual modal biometric authentication framework integrating fingerprint and iris recognition to enhance vehicular security and user convenience. The system leverages strategically positioned sensors—capacitive fingerprint scanners embedded within door handles and high-resolution iris scanners mounted near the driver’s entry point—coupled with a central microcontroller for real-time processing. Lightweight image processing and matching algorithms are implemented to ensure fast and accurate authentication under varied environmental conditions. The proposed system was validated on a prototype vehicle model using biometric data from over 50 users, demonstrating high accuracy, low false acceptance/rejection rates, and resilience to spoofing attacks. In addition to technical implementation, the study addresses practical challenges including sensor placement, processing constraints, data privacy, and system usability. The findings support the feasibility of integrating multimodal biometric authentication in vehicles, offering a secure, user-friendly alternative to conventional key-based systems. This research is supported by Indian patent file number 202441019532.