Self-ligation in orthodontics: A more hygienic and biocompatible treatment option? A narrative review

Aim: Self-ligating brackets have gained popularity in the field of orthodontics over the last decade. One of the proposed advantages of the self-ligating method is the overall cleanliness of the appliance as there will be less plaque accumulation due to the absence of elastomeric rings. This review aimed to look into the effect of this system on overall oral health. Materials and Methods: Data have been collected regarding the comparison of the self-ligating bracket system to conventional techniques in relation to root resorption, dental caries, and periodontal impact. Data were obtained by an electronic search through databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The initial search retrieved 35 articles. After a full-text review of all the articles, only 14 were included. Results: This review article contributes to the knowledge of the effect of this system on oral tissues and its advantages and disadvantages over conventional bracket systems. In regard to root resorption, the time duration of the treatment is a more important factor than the type of bracket system used. In regard to dental caries, evidence suggests a self-ligating bracket system shows less accumulation of Streptococcus mutans when compared to a conventional bracket system. Conclusion: In the present review, the findings indicated that in relation to periodontal health self-ligating brackets are not superior to conventional brackets.