Simulation of P-CdTe and N-TiO₂ Heterojunction Solar Cell Efficienc

The present study presents a numerical analysis of p-type CdTe and n-type TiO−2 heterojunction solar cells. The simulations were conducted using SCAPS-1D software to investigate the effects of varying the thickness of the p-type CdTe layer, the temperature, and the band gap on the efficiency of the solar cell. The results show that the efficiency of the solar cell increases from 16.81% to 18.28% as the thickness of the p-type CdTe layer is varied from 1.0 to 5.0 µm and decreases from 17.95% to 11.67% as the temperature is varied from 300 to 400 K. The efficiency also increases from 15.29% to 19.26% as the band gap is varied from 1.40 to 1.55 eV. For the p-CdTe/n-TiO₂ heterojunction solar cell, the optimized absorber layer thickness is 3 µm, and the optimized temperature and band gap are 300 K and 1.5 eV, respectively. At these optimized parameters, the highest efficiency (PCE) achieved was 17.95%, with a V_OC of 0.766 V, J_SC of 27.75 mA/cm², and FF of 84.39%. These results provide theoretical guidelines for fabricating efficient p-CdTe/n-TiO₂ heterojunction solar cells.