Sustainable Innovation: Exploring Borassus Flabellifer Fruit Fiber as a Reinforcement Material for Composite Applications

The increasing environmental issues linked with synthetic fibers have raised more intensive research in regard to renewable, biodegradable and multi-purpose alternatives. Another potential reinforcing bio-composite material that is sustainable is Borassus flabellifer fruit (BFF) fibers, which is a viable agro-waste by-product. This paper is a research on the structural, mechanical, thermal, and antibacterial characteristics of BFF fibers in order to define its functional value. X-ray diffraction also displayed the existence of crystalline area of 22.4%, which is an indication of an organized structure of cellulose that has been in a position to contribute toward mechanical stability. High cellulose content with low hemicellulose and lignin, which increase the compatibility of interfaces with polymer matrices, was verified by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Tensile tests were performed giving a strength of 15.86 MPa and scanning electron microscopy gave a microfibrillar morphology with longitudinal grooves that facilitate fruitful adhesion of fibers and matrix. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed that they were thermally stable to 280 °C and peaked at 350 °C, indicating that they could be used in moderate thermal conditions. Antibacterial activity Escherichia coli had an inhibition zone of 13 mm, and was supported by confocal microscopy data of biofilm destruction and cell death.