@article{d10d149f17d6492189728afe4aae877f,
title = "The association between the retail price of manufactured cigarettes and bidis on current smoking status in India",
abstract = "INTRODUCTION In India, the retail prices of bidis and cigarettes varied between the two Global Adult Tobacco Surveys (GATS) conducted in 2009-2010 and 2016-2017. The relationship between the retail price of smoked tobacco products and their use is unclear for India. Our study thus aimed to use available datasets to investigate the association between the retail price and current smoking status of bidis and cigarettes in India. METHODS Current smoking status data for bidis and cigarettes were obtained from the two GATS rounds. The average state-level retail prices of bidis and cigarettes were obtained from India's Consumer Price Index- Industrial Workers database. Descriptive statistics were used to describe current smoking status patterns. Generalized Linear Mixed Models were used to investigate the association between the retail prices and current smoking status of bidis and cigarettes. RESULTS For cigarettes, an increase in the average retail price by one Indian Rupee was associated with a reduction in the odds of being a current smoker of 7% (OR=0.925; 95% CI: 0.918-0.932, p<0.001). For bidis, the association between the retail price and current smoking status was not statistically significant (OR=1.01; 95% CI: 1.00-1.02, p=0.082). CONCLUSIONS Current increases in the retail prices of tobacco products in India seem to have an impact on the use of cigarettes but not bidis. This highlights the need for tobacco product tax increases that result in sufficient retail prices increase to make all tobacco products less affordable and reduce their use.",
author = "Radhika Nayak and Asha Kamath and Jinshuo Li and Kulkarni, {Muralidhar M.} and Kamath, {Veena G.} and Praveen Kumar and Ashwath Naik and Steve Parrott and Mdege, {Noreen D.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the Medical Research Council (Grant number: MR/P027946/2) with funding from the Global Challenges Research Fund. The Tobacco Control Capacity Program is a program of capacity development and research coordinated by the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, and involves 15 partner institutions from Africa, South Asia and the United Kingdom. Funding Information: The authors have each completed and submitted an ICMJE form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. The authors declare that they have no competing interests, financial or otherwise, related to the current work. A. Kamath, R. Nayak, M.M. Kulkarni, V.G. Kamath, P. Kumar and A.K. Naik report that since the initial planning of the work, their time on the project was supported by the Medical Research Council (Grant number MR/P027946/2) with funding from the Global Challenges Research Fund through Manipal Academy of Higher Education and that article processing charges will be paid through the University of York. Furthermore A. Kamath, M.M. Kulkarni, V.G. Kamath and P. Kumar report that in the past 36 months grants or contracts were received from Global Challenges Research Fund – Tobacco Control Capacity Programme and support for attending meetings and/or travel were received from Global Challenges Research Fund – Tobacco Control Capacity Programme. R. Nayak reports that in the past 36 months project period, salary and other supporting benefits received from Medical Research Council and all travel, subsistence, accommodation and venue, were covered by TCCP budget from Global Challenges Research Fund – Tobacco Control Capacity Programme. J. Li reports that since the initial planning of the work, funding through University of York from GCRF: Tobacco Control Capacity Programme (TCCP) (MR/P027946/2) via University of Stirling was received. Moreover, J. Li reports that in the past 36 months all travel, subsistence, accommodation and venue, were covered by TCCP budget for the 4-6 March 2019 programme meeting in London and for the 25-28 February 2020 Workshop in Ethiopia. A.K. Naik reports that in the past 36 months grants or contracts were received from Global Challenges Research Fund – Tobacco Control Capacity Programme. S. Parrott reports that in the past 36 months, support was received from NIHR (UK). N.D. Mdege reports that since the initial planning of the work her time on the project was supported by the Medical Research Council (Grant number MR/P027946/2) with funding from the Global Challenges Research Fund. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Nayak R. et al.",
year = "2022",
month = may,
doi = "10.18332/tid/146904",
language = "English",
volume = "20",
journal = "Tobacco Induced Diseases",
issn = "1617-9625",
publisher = "European Publishing",
number = "5",
}
