The business case for palliative care: Translating research into program development in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)

Scientific abstract: The provision of palliative care is a critical component of comprehensive healthcare, particularly for individuals facing life-limiting illnesses. While the importance of palliative care has been recognized in high-income countries, its integration and implementation in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) pose unique challenges. In LMICs, limited resources, competing health priorities, and cultural factors have historically hindered the development and delivery of palliative care services. However, recent research has demonstrated the numerous benefits of palliative care, including improved patient outcomes, enhanced quality of life, and cost-effectiveness. A multifaceted approach is needed to develop palliative care programs in LMICs successfully. Firstly, there is a need to raise awareness among policymakers, healthcare providers, and the public about the value and benefits of palliative care. This can be achieved through targeted advocacy campaigns, capacity-building initiatives, and knowledge dissemination. Secondly, program development should be context-specific and tailored to the unique challenges and resources of each LMIC. This includes establishing partnerships with local healthcare providers, integrating palliative care into existing healthcare systems, and developing culturally sensitive models of care. Furthermore, financing mechanisms and sustainable funding sources must be explored to ensure the long-term viability of palliative care programs. This may involve advocating for the integration of palliative care into national health policies, exploring innovative financing models, and leveraging international partnerships and funding opportunities. Public interest abstract: The global community has recognized that palliative care is integral to both universal health coverage and the right to health and helps improve the quality of life for people with serious illnesses as well as their caregivers/families. While it is well-established in wealthier countries, implementing palliative care in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is challenging. In LMICs, limited resources have made it difficult to provide palliative care. However, recent research shows that palliative care brings many benefits, such as better patient outcomes and cost-effectiveness. These findings make a strong case for expanding palliative care in LMICs. To make this happen, there is a need to raise awareness about the value of palliative care among policymakers, healthcare providers, and the public. We must also develop tailored programs that consider each country's unique challenges and resources. Finding sustainable funding sources is crucial, which may involve integrating palliative care into national health policies and seeking international partnerships. By embracing palliative care, LMICs can improve the lives of those with serious illnesses, strengthen their healthcare systems, and address the needs of their populations.