Thermographic Evaluation of Dental Implants Insertion with Different Diameters and Bone Quality on The Primary Stability: A 3D Finite Element Study

Caries and periodontal disease are the primary causes of tooth loss and extraction. Tooth loss leads to resorption of the alveolar ridge, which can complicate the placement of dental implants. Hybrid prostheses are emerging as effective treatment options for individuals with complete tooth loss, offering a means to restore proper chewing function. Implant dentistry has improved edentulous patients' recovery, with a 10-year success rate of more than 97%. However, the insertion torque, the surface properties of the implants, and the heat created during implant site preparation may all play a role in early implant failure. As a result, monitoring the temperature during the insertion might be critical in predicting the prosthesis success rate. Although various research studies have investigated the thermal consequences of drilling and fixture placement, a comparative analysis of the thermal result of implant insertion of different diameters and bone quality on the primary stability is lacking. The main aim of the research was to assess the heat variations caused by the insertion of a narrow implant using a three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis. Both narrow and standard implants caused a rise in bone temperature. Furthermore, the narrow implant had a greater thermal effect than standard implants, although it was always lower than the temperature limits of bone necrosis. The findings demonstrated that narrow implants are both thermally and clinically safe.