TY - JOUR
T1 - Thermoreversible gel of green tea extract
T2 - Formulation and evaluation for the management of periodontitis
AU - Hr, Rajeshwari
AU - Jagwani, Satveer
AU - Shenoy, Padmaja A.
AU - Jadhav, Kiran
AU - Shaikh, Shabana
AU - Mutalik, Sadhana P.
AU - Mullick, Prashansha
AU - Mutalik, Srinivas
AU - Jalalpure, Sunil
AU - Sikarwar, Mukesh Singh
AU - Dhamecha, Dinesh
N1 - Funding Information:
Authors would like to thank Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal for providing Faculty Research Seed Money [MAHE/REG/MCODS_MPL-(T)] to support the research project. We would also like to thank Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India for INSPIRE fellowship to Ms Sadhana P Mutalik and Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), Government of India & Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR), Government of India for fellowship to Ms Prashansha Mullick. Authors are grateful to Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi and Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MAHE, Manipal for the facilities and support. Authors would like to thank Sami Labs, Bangalore, India for providing free samples of green tea extract for the study. Authors also wish to acknowledge BASF and Unilab chemical and pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India for providing Poloxamer 407 and Chlorhexidine gluconate respectively.
Funding Information:
Authors would like to thank Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal for providing Faculty Research Seed Money [MAHE/REG/MCODS_MPL-(T)] to support the research project. We would also like to thank Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India for INSPIRE fellowship to Ms Sadhana P Mutalik and Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), Government of India & Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR), Government of India for fellowship to Ms Prashansha Mullick. Authors are grateful to Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi and Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MAHE, Manipal for the facilities and support. Authors would like to thank Sami Labs, Bangalore, India for providing free samples of green tea extract for the study. Authors also wish to acknowledge BASF and Unilab chemical and pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd. Mumbai, India for providing Poloxamer 407 and Chlorhexidine gluconate respectively.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/10
Y1 - 2022/10
N2 - Plant products have been extensively investigated for their application in the treatment of periodontitis owing to their therapeutic benefits with no major side effects. Further, increasing antimicrobial resistance associated with a constant intake of synthetic antimicrobials has led to a change in paradigm towards the use of phytochemical based formulations as antimicrobial therapy in periodontitis. With this background, our present investigation focuses on developing a novel thermoreversible gel of green tea extract (GT) which is well known for its antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. In the first stage, the antimicrobial activity of GT was assessed against a panel of microbes (S. mutans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, F. nucleatum and A. actinomycetemcomitans). Antimicrobial activity of GT extract showed MBC value of 1.25 w/v % with desirable antiadhesion (34–69%) and antibiofilm activity (47–69%). In time kill assay, GT demonstrated time dependent killing varying sensitivity against tested pathogens. In the second stage, based on the MBC value, the thermoreversible gel of GT (GTTG) was formulated using thermosensitive polymer poloxamer 407 (19.5% w/v) and mucoadhesive polymer carbopol 934 (0.4%w/v). Formulated GTTG showed gelation temperature of 29 ± 1 °C, gelation time of 44.67 ± 1.15 s, gelation strength of 45 ± 1 g, the viscosity of 1659 ± 86 cPs and mucoadhesive strength of 1960 dyne/cm2. GTTG showed maximum release and permeation of marker phytochemical Epigallocatechin gallate in 48 and 96 h respectively. Finally, formulated GTTG when compared with gold standard antiplaque agent chlorhexidine gel for its antimicrobial potential showed greater zone of inhibition (ZOI) when tested against key periodontal pathogen P. gingivalis. Hence, the formulated novel GTTG could serve as an effective alternative local drug delivery with ease of administration and accurate dosing for the treatment of periodontitis.
AB - Plant products have been extensively investigated for their application in the treatment of periodontitis owing to their therapeutic benefits with no major side effects. Further, increasing antimicrobial resistance associated with a constant intake of synthetic antimicrobials has led to a change in paradigm towards the use of phytochemical based formulations as antimicrobial therapy in periodontitis. With this background, our present investigation focuses on developing a novel thermoreversible gel of green tea extract (GT) which is well known for its antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. In the first stage, the antimicrobial activity of GT was assessed against a panel of microbes (S. mutans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, F. nucleatum and A. actinomycetemcomitans). Antimicrobial activity of GT extract showed MBC value of 1.25 w/v % with desirable antiadhesion (34–69%) and antibiofilm activity (47–69%). In time kill assay, GT demonstrated time dependent killing varying sensitivity against tested pathogens. In the second stage, based on the MBC value, the thermoreversible gel of GT (GTTG) was formulated using thermosensitive polymer poloxamer 407 (19.5% w/v) and mucoadhesive polymer carbopol 934 (0.4%w/v). Formulated GTTG showed gelation temperature of 29 ± 1 °C, gelation time of 44.67 ± 1.15 s, gelation strength of 45 ± 1 g, the viscosity of 1659 ± 86 cPs and mucoadhesive strength of 1960 dyne/cm2. GTTG showed maximum release and permeation of marker phytochemical Epigallocatechin gallate in 48 and 96 h respectively. Finally, formulated GTTG when compared with gold standard antiplaque agent chlorhexidine gel for its antimicrobial potential showed greater zone of inhibition (ZOI) when tested against key periodontal pathogen P. gingivalis. Hence, the formulated novel GTTG could serve as an effective alternative local drug delivery with ease of administration and accurate dosing for the treatment of periodontitis.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85138160791
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85138160791#tab=citedBy
U2 - 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103765
DO - 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103765
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85138160791
SN - 1773-2247
VL - 76
JO - Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology
JF - Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology
M1 - 103765
ER -