TY - JOUR
T1 - Tolerance of transcranial direct current stimulation in psychiatric disorders
T2 - An analysis of 2000+ sessions
AU - Chhabra, Harleen
AU - Bose, Anushree
AU - Shivakumar, Venkataram
AU - Agarwal, Sri Mahavir
AU - Sreeraj, Vanteemar S.
AU - Shenoy, Sonia
AU - Hazari, Nandita
AU - Dinakaran, Damodharan
AU - Parlikar, Rujuta
AU - Koparde, Vinayak
AU - Ramesh, Vinutha
AU - Biswal, Jitendriya
AU - Murugaraja, Venkatachalam
AU - Gowda, Shayanth Manche
AU - Chand, Prabhat K.
AU - Sivakumar, Palanimuthu T.
AU - Kalmady, Sunil V.
AU - Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C.
AU - Murthy, Pratima
AU - Girimaji, Satish C.
AU - Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan
PY - 2020/2
Y1 - 2020/2
N2 - Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive, neuromodulatory technique, is being increasingly applied to several psychiatric disorders. In this study, we describe the side-effect profile of repeated tDCS sessions (N = 2005) that were administered to 171 patients (156 adults and 15 adolescents) with different psychiatric disorders [schizophrenia [N = 109], obsessive-compulsive disorder [N = 28], alcohol dependence syndrome [N = 13], mild cognitive impairment [N = 10], depression [N = 6], dementia [N = 2] and other disorders [N = 3]]. tDCS was administered at a constant current strength of 2 mA with additional ramp-up and ramp-down phase of 20 s each at the beginning and end of the session, respectively. Other tDCS protocol parameters were: schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder: 5-days of twice-daily 20-min sessions with an inter-session interval of 3-h; Mild cognitive impairment/dementia and alcohol dependence syndrome: at least 5-days of once-daily 20-min session; Depression: 10-days of once-daily 30 min session. At the end of each tDCS session, any adverse event observed by the administrator and/or reported by the patient was systematically assessed using a comprehensive questionnaire. The commonly reported adverse events during tDCS included burning sensations (16.2%), skin redness (12.3%), scalp pain (10.1%), itching (6.7%), and tingling (6.3%). Most of the adverse events were noted to be mild, transient and well-tolerated. In summary, our observations suggest that tDCS is a safe mode for therapeutic non-invasive neuromodulation in psychiatric disorders in adults as well as the adolescent population.
AB - Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive, neuromodulatory technique, is being increasingly applied to several psychiatric disorders. In this study, we describe the side-effect profile of repeated tDCS sessions (N = 2005) that were administered to 171 patients (156 adults and 15 adolescents) with different psychiatric disorders [schizophrenia [N = 109], obsessive-compulsive disorder [N = 28], alcohol dependence syndrome [N = 13], mild cognitive impairment [N = 10], depression [N = 6], dementia [N = 2] and other disorders [N = 3]]. tDCS was administered at a constant current strength of 2 mA with additional ramp-up and ramp-down phase of 20 s each at the beginning and end of the session, respectively. Other tDCS protocol parameters were: schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder: 5-days of twice-daily 20-min sessions with an inter-session interval of 3-h; Mild cognitive impairment/dementia and alcohol dependence syndrome: at least 5-days of once-daily 20-min session; Depression: 10-days of once-daily 30 min session. At the end of each tDCS session, any adverse event observed by the administrator and/or reported by the patient was systematically assessed using a comprehensive questionnaire. The commonly reported adverse events during tDCS included burning sensations (16.2%), skin redness (12.3%), scalp pain (10.1%), itching (6.7%), and tingling (6.3%). Most of the adverse events were noted to be mild, transient and well-tolerated. In summary, our observations suggest that tDCS is a safe mode for therapeutic non-invasive neuromodulation in psychiatric disorders in adults as well as the adolescent population.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112744
DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112744
M3 - Article
C2 - 31955053
AN - SCOPUS:85077927866
SN - 0165-1781
VL - 284
JO - Psychiatry Research
JF - Psychiatry Research
M1 - 112744
ER -