TY - JOUR
T1 - Urine protein
T2 - Urine creatinine ratio correlation with diabetic retinopathy
AU - Mujeeb, Samya
AU - Rodrigues, Gladys R.
AU - Nayak, Rajesh R.
AU - Kamath, Ajay R.
AU - Kamath, Sumana J.
AU - Kamath, Gurudutt
PY - 2021/11/1
Y1 - 2021/11/1
N2 - Purpose: To investigate the urine protein (UP) and urine creatinine (UC) ratio in diabetes mellitus and report its influence as a risk factor for the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods: In total, 150 diabetic patients presenting to the outpatient department were included. Detailed history with informed consent and ophthalmic examination, including visual assessment, external ocular examination, anterior segment evaluation, dilated fundus examination by slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and indirect ophthalmoscopy, was done. The early morning spot urine sample was used to determine spot urine protein creatinine ratio. Association with hypertension, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and HBA1C (glycosylated Hb) were also noted. Results: Urinary PCR increased with the severity of the diabetic retinopathy (P < 0.001). HbA1c, FBS, and duration of diabetes had a direct correlation with urine PCR. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal PCR cut-off value for predicting the risk of onset DR was 0.65. Retinopathy progressed with increasing urine PCR. Spot urine PCR strongly correlates with stages of diabetic retinopathy and proteinuria measured in 24-h urine samples. Conclusion: The study showed that urine PCR can be a marker for risk and progression of diabetic retinopathy.
AB - Purpose: To investigate the urine protein (UP) and urine creatinine (UC) ratio in diabetes mellitus and report its influence as a risk factor for the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods: In total, 150 diabetic patients presenting to the outpatient department were included. Detailed history with informed consent and ophthalmic examination, including visual assessment, external ocular examination, anterior segment evaluation, dilated fundus examination by slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and indirect ophthalmoscopy, was done. The early morning spot urine sample was used to determine spot urine protein creatinine ratio. Association with hypertension, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and HBA1C (glycosylated Hb) were also noted. Results: Urinary PCR increased with the severity of the diabetic retinopathy (P < 0.001). HbA1c, FBS, and duration of diabetes had a direct correlation with urine PCR. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal PCR cut-off value for predicting the risk of onset DR was 0.65. Retinopathy progressed with increasing urine PCR. Spot urine PCR strongly correlates with stages of diabetic retinopathy and proteinuria measured in 24-h urine samples. Conclusion: The study showed that urine PCR can be a marker for risk and progression of diabetic retinopathy.
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U2 - 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1269_21
DO - 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1269_21
M3 - Article
C2 - 34708805
AN - SCOPUS:85121602463
SN - 0301-4738
VL - 69
SP - 3359
EP - 3363
JO - Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
JF - Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
IS - 11
ER -