Vestibular Evaluation Using Videonystagmography in Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a gradual, progressive and irreversible disease. Dizziness and high risk of falls have been noted in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis, prompting investigations into potential central vestibular dysfunction as a further dimension of the disease’s impact. To investigate central vestibular function in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis by comparing saccade, smooth pursuit, and optokinetic test results with those of healthy individuals. The cross-sectional study included 30 participants, divided into two groups: group 1 of 15 individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and group 2 of healthy normal individuals. Saccade tests, smooth pursuit tests, and optokinetic tests were conducted using videonystagmography in both groups. Central vestibular function tests showed reduced saccade accuracy, delayed saccade latency in group1 compared to group 2. Reduction in smooth pursuit gain and reduced peak slow phase velocity in optokinetic test was observed in group 1 compared to group 2. Additionally, there was a negative correlation observed between disease duration and central vestibular function test parameters. Central vestibular dysfunction and its progressive nature in CKD patients necessitate regular vestibular evaluation and rehabilitation therapy to reduce fall and dizziness risks and improve the quality of life for CKD patients.