Xanthogranulomatous Degeneration in a Leiomyoma - First Documentation

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation of the female genital tract is rare with documented cases confined to the endometrium, fallopian tube, and ovary. A careful search of English literature yielded only two reports pf myometrial involvement by xanthgranulomatous inflammation. Herein, we present a case of 37-year-old diabetic female with a previously diagnosed anterior wall fibroid who presented with lower abdominal pain. A repeat transvaginal sonography confirmed the presence of a fundal subserosal fibroid with degenerative changes. The patient underwent myomectomy and there were no adhesion or involvement of adnexa in intraoperative examination. Pathological examination of the same revealed leiomyoma with degenerative changes and xanthogranulomatous inflammation. The present case of xanthogranulomatous degeneration occurring de-novo in a leiomyoma, is to the best of our knowledge the first documentation of this entity.